Skip to main content

What Is Digital Marketing? An Easy Guide for Beginners

digital marketing written out with tiles on a table

Have you ever wondered how some businesses seem to be everywhere online? One moment you’re scrolling through social media, and the next, you see an ad for a product you were just thinking about. Seems like magic, but it is not. It is simply digital marketing .

In simple terms, digital marketing is any form of marketing that exists online. It is how you connect with your customers and promote your business using the internet and digital devices like computers and phones. Think of it as a modern way of advertising, but instead of putting an ad in a newspaper, you are putting your message in front of people on websites, social media, and search engines.

It might seem complicated, but all you really need to know is that digital marketing helps you reach your customers where they spend most of their time: online. A Statista report from 2023 shows that the average person spends over six hours a day on the internet, which means there are a lot of opportunities to connect with them.

Digital marketing is a group of different activities that all work together. Let's look at the most important parts.

 

The Main Types of Digital Marketing

1. Content Marketing

Content marketing is about creating and sharing valuable, helpful content. The goal is not to sell directly but to attract an audience by giving them something useful. When you create content that your audience loves, they will start to see you as a trusted expert. This is an excellent way to build your brand without coming across as pushy.

Examples of content:

  • Blog Posts: A coffee shop owner could write an article titled "5 Ways to Make Better Coffee at Home." This attracts people who love coffee and might also want to visit the shop later.
  • Videos: A fitness coach could create a short video on Instagram or TikTok showing a quick 10-minute workout routine.
  • Free Guides: A web designer could offer a free guide called "How to Choose a Website Builder" in exchange for a user's email address.

The Content Marketing Institute reports that 80% of business-to-business (B2B) marketers use content marketing to generate new leads, showing how effective this strategy is.

2. Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

SEO is the process of making your website appear higher in search results on Google, Bing, or other search engines. When people search for something you offer, you want your website to be on the first page, because most people do not look past it.

Examples:

  • You are a local plumber, and someone searches for "plumber near me." You want your website to show up in the top results. You achieve this by making sure your website has information about your services and your location.
  • A food blogger writes a recipe for "simple vegan lasagna." To improve SEO, they use words like "vegan lasagna recipe" and "easy plant-based dinner" in the title and throughout the blog post.

Think with Google has found that nearly 70% of clicks on search results go to the first page, which shows why ranking high is so important.

3. Social Media Marketing

Social media marketing involves using platforms like Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and X (formerly Twitter) to connect with your audience. This can be done in two ways: organically (free) and paid.

Examples:

  • Organic Social Media: A small clothing brand posts a photo of a new dress and asks a question like "Where would you wear this?" This encourages people to comment and engage with the brand for free.
  • Paid Social Media: The same clothing brand pays Instagram to show an ad for the new dress to people who are interested in fashion and live in a specific city. This helps them reach new customers quickly.

4. Email Marketing

Email marketing is one of the most powerful and direct ways to connect with your customers. You build a list of people who have given you permission to send them emails. This allows you to talk to them directly in their inbox.

Examples:

  • Newsletters: You send a weekly email to your subscribers with a short, helpful tip and a link to your latest blog post.
  • Promotional Emails: You send an email to your list to announce a special discount or a new product launch.
  • Automated Emails: When someone signs up for your newsletter, an automated email is sent to welcome them and thank them.

A Deloitte report on digital marketing shows that email marketing still has one of the highest returns on investment (ROI) compared to other channels, making it a very effective tool.

5. Pay-Per-Click (PPC) Advertising

PPC is a type of online advertising where you pay a fee each time someone clicks on your ad. The most common form of PPC is a search ad, which shows up at the very top of search results.

Examples:

  • A company sells running shoes. They create a PPC ad that appears at the top of Google when someone searches for "best running shoes." They pay Google every time a user clicks on the ad.
  • You run an online flower shop. You can create a PPC ad on Facebook that shows beautiful photos of your flowers to people who are interested in gardening or gifts.

6. Analytics

Analytics is the practice of collecting and studying data from your website and marketing efforts. This helps you understand what is working and what is not. By using tools like Google Analytics, you can see how people find your website and what they do when they are there.

Examples:

  • You see that your blog post on "how to bake sourdough" gets a lot of visitors from search engines, but your post on "chocolate chip cookies" does not. Analytics tells you that you should write more articles about baking bread.
  • You see that most of your visitors are from Lagos. This tells you that you should focus your marketing efforts on that city.

A McKinsey & Company study found that companies that use data to make their marketing decisions are 23 times more likely to get new customers, showing the power of analytics.

How Does It All Work Together?

Digital marketing is not just about using one of these tools. The different parts work together to create a full strategy. This is why it is often called inbound marketing—because it is about attracting customers to you, instead of you pushing your message out to them.

Here’s an example of a full digital marketing strategy:

  1. A potential customer is looking for a new blender. They start by searching on Google and find a helpful blog post titled "The 10 Best Blenders for Your Kitchen." This is part of your SEO and content marketing strategy.
  2. After reading the post, the customer sees a pop-up to sign up for your newsletter to get a free "smoothie recipe guide." This is part of your lead generation strategy.
  3. After the customer signs up, a welcome email is sent to them automatically. This is a form of marketing automation and the start of your email marketing campaign.
  4. Later, a paid social media ad for your online store shows up on the customer’s Instagram feed, showing a special discount on your most popular blender.
  5. Finally, after the customer buys the blender, you use analytics to see which ad or email led to the sale. You use this information to improve your next campaign.

All these actions, from the first search to the final purchase, are connected and work together to lead the customer through a journey.

Starting Your Digital Marketing Journey

Digital marketing may seem big, but you do not have to do everything at once. The best way to start is to focus on one or two channels that fit your business.

  • If you have a small local business, start with a Google Business Profile and use social media to show photos and connect with your local community.
  • If you are a blogger or content creator, focus on SEO and content marketing to bring free traffic to your platform.
  • If you want fast results for a specific goal, a small budget for PPC advertising can help.

The most important thing is to start. Every big business started with a single step. By understanding what digital marketing is and how the different parts work, you are already on your way to building a strong online presence and growing your business.